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Redox Reactions

Redox Reaction in Qualitative Analysis

Redox reactions are often used for the following purposes:

1. Test for an oxidizing agent.

In a redox reaction, an oxidising agent is reduced by a reducing agent, and a reducing agent is oxidised by an oxidising agent. Therefore, a reducing agent is often used as a reagent to test for an oxidizing agent.

Example 1: Potassium iodide is a reducing agent added to test for oxidising agents

1. To a portion of unknown solution A, add an equal volume of dilute nitric acid followed by potassium iodide solution.

Observation

Identity of product

Type of reaction

Colourless potassium iodide solution turned brown.

Iodine solution formed.

Redox reaction.

Solution A contains an oxidizing agent. KI is oxidised by solution A to iodine molecules:

2I- (aq)     ----->     I2(aq)     +    2e-

colourless brown

Iodide ions have lost electrons to form iodine molecules. The oxidation number of iodine increased from -1 in KI to O in I2.

 

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